Worms: Hydatid disease

Description
Hydatid disease is caused by a small tapeworm called Echinococcus granulosis. This is passed on to humans from infected dogs. The disease is transmitted when tapeworm eggs in dog faeces are transferred from hands to mouths. This may happen when a person handles dogs or objects soiled with dog faeces, or ingests contaminated food or water. Hydatid disease is not transmitted directly from person to person. Hydatid disease causes cysts to grow in different parts of the body. Any organ may be affected. Sometimes these cysts cause no symptoms at all and are found during routine chest X-rays. However, if the cysts grow in vital organs (such as the liver, lungs, kidneys, spleen or bones) they may cause disease. Hydatid disease is essentially a problem of the rural community, especially the sheep farmer.


Incubation Period
Variable, from months to years, depending upon the number and location of cysts and how rapidly they grow.


Infectious Period
Dogs begin to pass eggs of the parasite approximately seven weeks after becoming infected. Most infections in dogs resolve within 6 months, but some adult tapeworms may survive as long as 2-3 years. Dogs can become infected repeatedly.


Controlling the Spread of Infection
Do not exclude an infected child. Ensure that adults and children wash their hands before eating. Dispose of dog faeces regularly, wearing gloves.


Treatment
This may be drug therapy, or surgery to remove the cysts. Gastrointestinal complaints


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Disclaimer
The information contained in this website is intended as a guide only. Wollongong Medical Centre is not liable for any problems that may arise from incorrectly or otherwise applying information found in this website.


Further General Information

The following web site has information on infectious diseases: www.health.nsw.gov.au/infect/ or contact the Division of Population and Planning on 4255-2200.

For information on a large range of medical conditions and problems visit www.mayoclinic.com