Thrush
(candida)

Description
Thrush, also known as monilia or candida albicans, is a fungus that infects the top layers of the skin or mucous membranes. The fungus that causes thrush is part of the normal human flora. Usually it lives harmoniously on and in the body. For various reasons, the fungus can multiply to such a degree in some people that it can cause symptoms that require medical treatment. Often this is when the person is feeling rundown or taking antibiotics. Thrush is common in very young babies and infants. They are susceptible at this time because their immune systems are still immature. Thrush is often found inside the mouth as white spots or flakes that cannot be removed by cleaning the mouth. Another site of infection is the vulva and vagina. Frequently thrush is a secondary infection to nappy rash. Thrush is spread by direct contact with fungi living in the mouth, vagina and faeces and on the skin. A mother can infect her newborn baby during the birth.


Incubation Period
Variable, but 2-5 days in infants.


Infectious Period
As long as the white spots or flakes are present.


Controlling the Spread of Infection
Do not exclude babies and children with thrush. Make sure good handwashing and cleaning procedures are being practised.


Treatment
For moderate to severe infection of the mouth or the vulva/vagina the parent should take the child to a doctor. The doctor may prescribe anti-fungal medications. Wash the affected area with water, apply the prescribed cream, and expose the nappy area to air as much as possible.


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Disclaimer
The information contained in this website is intended as a guide only. Wollongong Medical Centre is not liable for any problems that may arise from incorrectly or otherwise applying information found in this website.


Further General Information

The following web site has information on infectious diseases: www.health.nsw.gov.au/infect/ or contact the Division of Population and Planning on 4255-2200.

For information on a large range of medical conditions and problems visit www.mayoclinic.com