Scarlet fever

Description
Scarlet fever begins suddenly, sometimes causing a convulsion in very young children. As a rule it begins with a sore throat, high temperature and frequent vomiting. This is followed within 12-36 hours by a rash. This appears first on the neck and chest, then rapidly spreads over the body, finally reaching the legs. The child may have a strawberry coloured, textured tongue. Scarlet fever is caused by a streptococcal infection (see strep throat on page 51).


Incubation Period
Usually 1-3 days.


Infectious Period
Only for about 24 hours after appropriate treatment begins. Untreated people remain infectious as long as they are sick. This is usually 3-7 days.


Controlling the Spread of Infection
Exclude the child from the centre until they have taken antibiotics for at least 24 hours and the symptoms have improved significantly. Routine screening of all children and employees at the centre is not necessary, unless the local health authority determines that there is an ongoing epidemic or unless a streptococcal kidney disease has occurred. Follow good personal cleanliness practices. Cover the nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing. Dispose of tissues used to wipe a runny nose. Always follow this with proper handwashing. Do not share eating utensils, food or drinking cups. Disinfect toys that infants and toddlers put in their mouths.


Treatment
Penicillin or other effective antibiotics as prescribed by a doctor. To prevent potential complications such as rheumatic fever, antibiotics should be continued for 10 days. Calamine lotion may be helpful in relieving discomfort from the rash.


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Disclaimer
The information contained in this website is intended as a guide only. Wollongong Medical Centre is not liable for any problems that may arise from incorrectly or otherwise applying information found in this website.


Further General Information

The following web site has information on infectious diseases: www.health.nsw.gov.au/infect/ or contact the Division of Population and Planning on 4255-2200.

For information on a large range of medical conditions and problems visit www.mayoclinic.com