Ear infections
(otitis)

Description
Ear infections are common in childhood. They may be middle ear infections (otitis media) or outer ear infections (otitis externa). Middle ear infections occur on the inside of the ear drum. Because this is a small area, infection leads to an increase in pressure on the eardrum and pain. A young child will not be able to tell you they have a sore ear. However, they may be pulling or rubbing their ear, have a fever or vomit. The child may be distressed, and crying that stops suddenly may mean that the ear drum has burst. Middle ear infections can be caused by bacteria or viruses and often occur a few days after a child gets a cold. Outer ear infections occur on the outside of the ear drum or ear canal and are often associated with swimming.


Incubation Period
A few days.


Infectious Period
Middle ear infections are complications of colds and are not spread from one child to another. Organisms can only be passed from one child to another if and while there is infectious fluid draining out of the ear.


Controlling the Spread of Infection
A child should not attend the centre while there is any fluid coming out of the ear. Any discharge from an ear should be treated as infectious. Wash hands thoroughly. A child with a middle ear infection may return as soon as they feel well enough. The child will often still need to be given antibiotics after returning to care.


Treatment
Middle ear infection. Antibiotics, taken by mouth. Use paracetamol to relieve pain. Outer ear infection. Antibiotics, given as drops in the ear or placed in the ear canal with wicks.


Comments
As ear infections are hard to detect in young children, suspect an ear infection with all fevers and vomiting. Watch the child for any signs of pulling or rubbing of ears. Rarely, a middle ear infection may spread and the child may develop mastoiditis. The area behind the ear will be red and the ear lobe will stick out and down. A child with these symptoms should see a doctor as soon as possible.


Disclaimer
The information contained in this website is intended as a guide only. Wollongong Medical Centre is not liable for any problems that may arise from incorrectly or otherwise applying information found in this website.


Further General Information

The following web site has information on infectious diseases: www.health.nsw.gov.au/infect/ or contact the Division of Population and Planning on 4255-2200.

For information on a large range of medical conditions and problems visit www.mayoclinic.com